There's probably no big surprise associated with the findings of this recent study. However, a few findings worthy of particular note are that the negative affects linger on well after an adolescent has stopped using marijuana, and that adolescent girls are more at risk than boys for suffering the affects.
人们可能对最近这项研究的结果不会感到吃惊。然而，尤其值得一提的几项研究结果发现当青少年停止使用大麻之后很长时间里，大麻带来的负面影响仍会存在，而少女在遭受这些影响时比男孩承受的危害更大。
A recently released study suggests that chronic, heavy marijuana use during adolescence – a critical period of ongoing brain development – is associated with poorer performance on thinking tasks, including slower psychomotor speed and poorer complex attention, verbal memory and planning ability. Krista Lisdahl Medina, a University of Cincinnati assistant professor of psychology and a lead researcher of the study, says that's evident even after a month of stopping marijuana use. She says that while recent findings suggest partial recovery of verbal memory functioning within the first three weeks of adolescent abstinence from marijuana, complex attention skills continue to be affected.
最近发布的一份研究表明在青少年期间长期大量服用大麻——青少年是大脑持续成长的关键时期——与思维能力的降低有关，包括减慢心理运动的速度及降低复杂的注意力，口头记忆及计划能力等。辛辛那提大学心理学助理教授及此次研究的首席研究员 Krista Lisdahl Medina 称这种情况即使在停用大麻的一个月后仍然非常明显。她说尽管最近的研究表明青少年停用大麻之后的头三周内可以部分恢复口头记忆机能，但是复杂注意力技能会继续受到影响。
"Not only are their thinking abilities worse, their brain activation to cognitive tasks is abnormal. The tasks are fairly easy, such as remembering the location of objects, and they may be able to complete the tasks, but what we see is that adolescent marijuana users are using more of their parietal and frontal cortices to complete the tasks. Their brain is working harder than it should," Medina says.
Medina 表示，“青少年的思维能力不仅会变差，而且他们的大脑对认知任务的活跃程度也表现出异常。这种任务相当简单，例如记住物体的位置，他们也许能够完成这些任务，但是在我们看来使用大麻的青少年则更多地使用顶叶皮质和额叶皮质来完成这些任务。这些青少年的大脑本应可以轻松完成，现在却非常困难。”
She adds that recent findings suggest females may be at increased risk for the neurocognitive consequences of marijuana use during adolescence, as studies found that teenage girls had marginally larger prefrontal cortex (PFC) volumes compared to girls who did not smoke marijuana. The larger PFC volumes were associated with poorer executive functions of the brain in these teens, such as planning, decision-making or staying focused on a task.
她补充说最近的研究结果表明女性在青少年期间使用大麻遭受神经认知伤害的风险更大，因为研究发现与没有吸食大麻的女孩相比，吸食大麻的少女的前额叶皮质（PFC）容量稍大。较大的 PFC 容量与这些青少年大脑执行功能的降低相关，如计划，决定或保持对某一任务的注意力。
Source: Physorg.com
来源：Physorg.com
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